In Reply to: Re: Case 0400_09 -- Pelvic Congestion Syndrome:The Diagnostic Value of Venography posted by Michael Pfister on April 26, 2000 at 19:02:50:
MRA and MRV are excellent modalities but when negative, especially for this indication, it does not help. You have to go to venography to demonstrate the reflux from the renal vein into the gonadal vein. This is more of a hemodynamic test that is unique and it is gratifying that direct catheter test are still necessary, otherwise people would say that IR individuals are not necessary (this argument seems to pop up whenever a new cross-sectional modality gets attention).